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androgen receptor Polyclonal antibody

androgen receptor Polyclonal Antibody for IF, IHC, WB, ELISA

Host / Isotype

Rabbit / IgG

Reactivity

human, mouse, rat

Applications

IF, IHC, WB, ELISA and More (1)

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Cat No : 22089-1-AP

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Synonyms

AIS, androgen receptor, AR, DHTR, Dihydrotestosterone receptor, HUMARA, HYSP1, KD, NR3C4, SBMA, SMAX1, TFM



经过测试的应用

Positive WB detected inLNCaP cells, MCF-7 cells, HepG2 cells, NIH/3T3 cells, mouse heart tissue, rat heart tissue
Positive IHC detected inhuman prostate cancer tissue
Note: suggested antigen retrieval with TE buffer pH 9.0; (*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed with citrate buffer pH 6.0
Positive IF detected inhuman prostate cancer tissue, LNCaP cells
Planning an IHC experiment? We recommend our IHCeasy AR Ready-To-Use IHC Kit. AR primary antibody included.

推荐稀释比

ApplicationDilution
Western Blot (WB)WB : 1:5000-1:50000
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)IHC : 1:200-1:800
Immunofluorescence (IF)IF : 1:50-1:500
It is recommended that this reagent should be titrated in each testing system to obtain optimal results.
Sample-dependent, Check data in validation data gallery.

产品信息

22089-1-AP targets androgen receptor in WB, IP, IHC, IF, ELISA applications and shows reactivity with human, mouse, rat samples.

Tested Applications IF, IHC, WB, ELISA
Cited Applications IF, IHC, IP, WB
Tested Reactivity human, mouse, rat
Cited Reactivityhuman, mouse, rat
Immunogen androgen receptor fusion protein Ag17291 种属同源性预测
Host / Isotype Rabbit / IgG
Class Polyclonal
Type Antibody
Full Name androgen receptor
Synonyms AIS, androgen receptor, AR, DHTR, Dihydrotestosterone receptor, HUMARA, HYSP1, KD, NR3C4, SBMA, SMAX1, TFM
Calculated Molecular Weight 914 aa, 99 kDa
Observed Molecular Weight 75-80 kDa, 110-120 kDa
GenBank Accession NumberBC132975
Gene Symbol AR
Gene ID (NCBI) 367
RRIDAB_11182176
Conjugate Unconjugated
Form Liquid
Purification MethodAntigen affinity purification
UNIPROT IDP10275
Storage Buffer PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3.
Storage ConditionsStore at -20°C. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20oC storage.

背景介绍

1. What is the molecular weight of AR? Are there any isoforms of AR?

The molecular weight of full-length androgen receptor (AR-B) is 110 kDa. An additional variant, AR-A, has an 87 kDa size and lacks the N-terminal 187 amino acids of AR-A (PMID: 8108393). Recently, more splice variants of AR have been discovered, raising protein products of around 80 kDa length (PMID: 19244107), as well as an AR45 variant of 45 kDa size (PMID: 15634333). AR splice variants differ in their cell line-specific expression (PMID: 24570075).

2. What is the subcellular localization of AR?

AR can be present in either or both of the cytoplasm and nucleus. In androgen-deprived cells, AR is found predominantly in the cytoplasm, while stimulation by androgens causes enrichment of androgen-bound AR in the nucleus. AR shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus and its phosphorylation state has an impact on the subcellular localization (PMID: 16282370).

3. Is AR post-translationally modified?

Post-translational modifications of the AR include phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination (PMID: 21820033). These modifications have an impact on receptor stability, activity, and can change the observed molecular weight of the AR.

4. How to study AR signaling in cell culture?

It is important to control levels of cell stimulation while also looking at AR signaling. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) that is typically used in cell culture contains low levels of testosterone that are enough to stimulate the growth of prostate cells (PMID: 19676093), including the LNCaP cell line that is a commonly used human prostatic carcinoma cell model (PMID: 6831420). One possibility for complete testosterone deprivation is to use charcoal stripped FBS that removes lipophilic agents, including androgens. It is also not recommended to use phenol red in your medium because it is a weak estrogen (PMID: 3458212). Cell stimulation is often conducted by dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

5. What is the role of AR in prostate cancer?

AR plays a key role in the development and physiology of the prostate gland, and also cancer progression (PMID: 15082523). Mutations in AR altering ligands have been observed. The progression of the prostate cancer depends on AR activity and therefore blocking AR activity or lowering androgen levels is a key step related to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).


实验方案

Product Specific Protocols
WB protocol for androgen receptor antibody 22089-1-APDownload protocol
IHC protocol for androgen receptor antibody 22089-1-APDownload protocol
IF protocol for androgen receptor antibody 22089-1-APDownload protocol
Standard Protocols
Click here to view our Standard Protocols

发表文章

SpeciesApplicationTitle
humanWB

Nucleic Acids Res

SMAD3 promotes expression and activity of the androgen receptor in prostate cancer

Authors - Hee-Young Jeon
mouseIHC

Oncogene

Identification of low-frequency variants of UGT1A3 associated with bladder cancer risk by next-generation sequencing.

Authors - Rui Zheng
human,mouseWB,IHC

Biomed Pharmacother

Therapeutic targeting of histone lysine demethylase KDM4B blocks the growth of castration-resistant prostate cancer

Authors - Lingling Duan
mouseIHC

Sci Total Environ

Imidacloprid disrupts the endocrine system by interacting with androgen receptor in male mice.

Authors - Xianling Yuan
mouseWB,IF

Cancer Sci

Splicing factor PRPF6 upregulates oncogenic androgen receptor signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Authors - Huijuan Song
humanWB

Int J Biol Sci

PRPF6 promotes androgen receptor/androgen receptor-variant 7 actions in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.

Authors - Wei Liu