CD36 Monoclonal antibody

Function

CD36, also known as platelet glycoprotein 4, is an integral membrane glycoprotein that acts as a scavenger receptor. CD36 can bind to multiple ligands, including thrombospondin-1, collagen, oxidized phospholipids, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and long-chain fatty acids. CD36 can also bind to erythrocytes parasitized by Plasmodium falciparum and apoptotic cells. CD36 mediates different biological processes, acting as a signaling hub in angiogenesis, inflammatory response, and fatty acid metabolism.

Tissue specificity

CD36 is present on the surface of various cells types, such as adipocytes, monocytes, macrophages, platelets, microvascular endothelial cells, dendritic cells, and hematopoietic precursors of red cells.

Involvement in disease

• Mutations in CD36 can give rise to platelet glycoprotein IV deficiency, a type of macrothrombocytopenia.

• Polymorphisms in CD36 can increase susceptibility to malaria.

• AAGIC haplotype at the CD36 locus increases the risk of coronary heart disease.

• Disruption of CD36-dependent pathways and certain SNPs in the CD36 gene are attributed to impaired fatty acid metabolism, glucose intolerance, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy.

Isoforms

Apart from the full-length protein (isoform 1), one additional shorter isoform has been reported (PMID: 7509795). Other alternative isoforms have also been detected on the mRNA level (PMID: 17673938).

Post-translational modifications

The extracellular domain of CD36 is extensively glycosylated. Glycosylation is needed for the transport of CD36 to the plasma membrane, as well as mediating recognition and binding to ligands. Cytoplasmic tails of transmembrane domains can be phosphorylated and play a role in signal transduction. Intracellular domains can be additionally acetylated, ubiquitinated, and palmitoylated (PMID: 28919632).

Cellular localization

CD36 is present on the cell surface.