Beta Tubulin Monoclonal antibody
Beta Tubulin Monoclonal Antibody for IF, IHC, IP, WB, ELISA
Host / Isotype
Mouse / IgG2a
Reactivity
human, mouse, rat, nematode, pig, zebrafish and More (1)
Applications
IF, IHC, IP, WB, ELISA
Conjugate
Unconjugated
154
CloneNo.
1D4A4
验证数据展示
经过测试的应用
Positive WB detected in | HeLa cells |
Positive IP detected in | HeLa cells |
Positive IHC detected in | human brain tissue, human breast cancer tissue, rat brain tissue Note: suggested antigen retrieval with TE buffer pH 9.0; (*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed with citrate buffer pH 6.0 |
Positive IF detected in | HeLa cells, HepG2 cells |
推荐稀释比
Application | Dilution |
---|---|
Western Blot (WB) | WB : 1:20000-1:100000 |
Immunoprecipitation (IP) | IP : 0.5-4.0 ug for IP and 1:500-1:2000 for WB |
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) | IHC : 1:20-1:1000 |
Immunofluorescence (IF) | IF : 1:200-1:800 |
Sample-dependent, check data in validation data gallery |
产品信息
66240-1-Ig targets Beta Tubulin in WB, IP, IHC, IF, ELISA applications and shows reactivity with human, mouse, rat, nematode, pig, zebrafish samples.
Tested Applications | IF, IHC, IP, WB, ELISA |
Cited Applications | IF, IHC, IP, WB |
Tested Reactivity | human, mouse, rat, nematode, pig, zebrafish |
Cited Reactivity | human, mouse, rat, pig, rabbit, zebrafish |
Host / Isotype | Mouse / IgG2a |
Class | Monoclonal |
Type | Antibody |
Immunogen | Beta Tubulin fusion protein Ag0117 |
Full Name | tubulin, beta 3 |
Calculated molecular weight | 450 aa, 50 kDa |
Observed molecular weight | 50-55 kDa |
GenBank accession number | BC000748 |
Gene symbol | TUBB3 |
Uniprot | Q13509 | Gene ID (NCBI) | 10381 |
Conjugate | Unconjugated |
Form | Liquid |
Purification Method | Protein A purification |
Storage Buffer | PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3. |
Storage Conditions | Store at -20°C. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20oC storage. |
背景介绍
There are five tubulins in human cells: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon. Tubulins are conserved across species. They form heterodimers, which multimerize to form a microtubule filament. An alpha and beta tubulin heterodimer is the basic structural unit of microtubules. The alpha and beta tubulins (+/- 55 kDa MW) are homologous but are not identical. Beta tubulins have been widely used as loading control.
What is the molecular weight of beta-tubulin? Are there any isoforms of beta-tubulin?
The molecular weight of tubulin is 50-52 kDa. Humans have eight beta-tubulin isotypes, encoded by different genes, that differ in their C-terminal sequences. They have different tissue expression profiles and can rise to microtubules of different properties (PMID: 20191564).
How to use beta-tubulin as a loading control
Beta-tubulin is one of the most commonly used references as a loading control for cell lysates in western blotting. It is abundantly expressed across various tissues and developmental stages and highly conserved across species. However, since some variability has been observed in the expression levels of commonly used housekeeping genes (PMID: 15627964), it is recommended that more than one loading control antibody is used while developing new assays. More information can be found here: https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/loading-control-antibodies-for-western-blotting/.
What drugs can influence beta-tubulin and organization of microtubules?
Many drugs that affect microtubule dynamics target beta-tubulin, mainly by interfering with the GTP hydrolysis (PMID: 21381049). Paclitaxel (Taxol) is used to stabilize microtubules by slowing down their depolymerization, while colchicine and vinca alkaloids (vinblastine) destabilize microtubules. They are used in research and also in the clinic as anti-cancer agents.
Is beta-tubulin post-translationally modified?
Yes, tubulins are subject to extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs) that affect the organization of microtubules and their dynamics. The most common modifications include polyglutamylation, polyglycylation, polyamination, glycososylation, glycation, phosphorylation, and acetylation (PMID: 24801181 and 25468068).
实验方案
Product Specific Protocols | |
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WB protocol for Beta Tubulin antibody 66240-1-Ig | Download protocol |
IHC protocol for Beta Tubulin antibody 66240-1-Ig | Download protocol |
IF protocol for Beta Tubulin antibody 66240-1-Ig | Download protocol |
IP protocol for Beta Tubulin antibody 66240-1-Ig | Download protocol |
Standard Protocols | |
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Click here to view our Standard Protocols |
发表文章
Species | Application | Title |
---|---|---|
J Biol Chem Retractile lysyl-tRNA synthetase-AIMP2 assembly in the human multi-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex. | ||
Neurobiol Dis Amyloid beta-mediated KIF5A deficiency disrupts anterograde axonal mitochondrial movement. | ||
FASEB J Resveratrol targets TyrRS acetylation to protect against radiation-induced damage. | ||
Front Oncol Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2 Promotes Human Breast Cancer Cell Growth by Positively Regulating the MAPK/ERK Pathway. |