Markers for Immune cells

Immune markers and related antibodies


Introduction

The human immune system contains a collection of different cell types and molecules that help to protect the body from toxins, viral infections, bacteria, and parasites. Although immunology covers all aspects of this complex network, the field is united by the immune cell. The central points of immunology are: understanding, identifying, and distinguishing the many different immune cells that are essential for diagnosis and therapy. Cell markers are helpful tools used to identify a specific immune cell population. This catalog offers a detailed choice of the most commonly used cell markers and an extensive selection of antibodies used in immunology.

B Cells

B cells (bursal or bone marrow-derived cells) are lymphocytes that play a pivotal role in the adaptive immune system and disruption of B cell function is a common hallmark of many different diseases. B cells are produced in the bone marrow and migrate to the spleen and other secondary lymphoid tissues for maturation. B cells go through several stages of development during exposure to antigens.

Maturation Of Human B Cells

Related antibodies

Antibody Catalog number  Type  Applications
CD38 25284-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, WB, IHC, FC
CD38 60006-1-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, IF, WB
CD138/Syndecan-1 Antibody 10593-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, IF, IHC, IP, WB
CD138/Syndecan-1 Antibody 60185-2-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, WB, IHC
MME,CD10 Antibody 18008-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, WB, IP, IHC, FC
MME,CD10 Antibody 60034-3-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, WB, IHC
CD19 PE-65145 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD19 PE-65110 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD19 FITC-65145 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD19 APC-65145 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD19 APC-65110 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD38 APC-65111 Mouse Mono  FC, ELISA

CD20

CD20 is a B-lymphocyte surface molecule that is widely expressed during B-cell ontogeny, from early pre-B-cell developmental stages until final differentiation into plasma cells. It is involved in the regulation of B-cell activation and proliferation. CD20 also serves as a useful target for antibody-mediated therapeutic depletion of B cells.

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
CD20 24828-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, FC, IHC, IP, WB
CD20 60271-1-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, FC, IHC, WB
CD20 PE-65085 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD20 FITC-65085 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD20 CL647-60271 Mouse Mono FC, IF, ELISA
CD20 APC-65085 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA

IHCeasy by proteintech is a ready-to-use IHC kit and it is the most complete IHC kit on the market. Primary antibody included along with other reagents.

T Cells

T cells are white blood cells. They perform a variety of functions in the blood system. T cells detect cellular abnormalities, directly destroy bacterially infected cells, and support other immune cells to produce antibodies. Thus, T cells are essential for the human immune system. There are different types of T cells named helper T cell, killer T cell, and regulatory T cell (Treg). Every T cell type expresses different cell surface markers and secretes different cytokines. A short list is mentioned below and on the following page.

T Helper Cells

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
CCR5 11056-2-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, IHC, IP, WB
CD4 17476-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, FC, WB
CXCR3B-specific 60065-1-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, WB

Killer T Cells

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
CD8a 17335-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, IHC
CD8b 21256-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, WB

Monocytes and Macrophages

Macrophages (and their precursor cells, monocytes) are important cells of the immune system. Upon infection or tissue damage, monocytes, one of the major groups of white blood cells, rapidly differentiate into macrophages. Macrophages are large, specialized cells that are present in every tissue of the body. They recognize and consequently destroy the target cell. Macrophages provide a first line of defense in protecting the host from infection.

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
CD11b PE-65116 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11b APC-65116 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11c PE-65086 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11c FITC-65086 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11c APC-65086 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11c/Integrin Alpha X 17342-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, WB, IHC, FC
CD11c/Integrin Alpha X 60258-1-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, IHC, WB
CD14 17000-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, FC, IF, IHC, WB
CD14 PE-65056 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD14 FITC-65056 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD206 18704-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, FC, IF, IHC, WB

Granulocytes

Granulocytes are a type of white blood cells. They comprise about 60% of all white blood cells. There are three different forms of granulocytes: basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils. All granulocyte forms have the capacity to ingest virus particles, bacteria, or other parasites. For this reason, granulocytes contain big granules packed with enzymes that help to digest the foreign molecule.

Basophils

Basophils are a small subgroup of granulocytes. Basophils are mainly involved in defense against parasites and in response to allergic reactions. Basophils contain several surface molecules, the most representative of which are listed below.

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
CD44 PE-65063 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD44 FITC-65063 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD44 APC-65063 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD107a PE-65051 Mouse Mono FC, IF, ELISA
CD107a FITC-65051 Mouse Mono FC, IF, ELISA

Eosinophils

Eosinophils, like all other granulocyte forms, destroy parasites. Besides this, eosinophils are proinflammatory cells (that are) able to produce and release toxic proteins. Hence, eosinophils are also involved in allergic reactions

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
C5aR 21316-1-AP Rabbit Poly FC, IF, IHC, IP, WB, ELISA
CD23 18642-1-AP Rabbit Poly FC, IHC, WB, ELISA
Integrin alpha-4 19676-1-AP Rabbit Poly FC, IHC, WB, ELISA

Neutrophils

Neutrophils are the most common granulocyte cell type found in the blood system. They display the first defense mechanism to bacterial infection or other acute inflammations. Some markers are mentioned below.

 Antibody  Catalog number  Type  Applications
CD11b PE-65116 Mouse mono FC, ELISA
CD11b APC-65116 Mouse mono FC, ELISA
CD11c PE-65086 Mouse mono FC, ELISA
CD11c FITC-65086 Mouse mono FC, ELISA
CD11c APC-65086 Mouse mono FC, ELISA
CD14 PE-65056 Mouse mono FC, ELISA
CD14 FITC-65056 Mouse mono FC, ELISA

Dendritic Cells

Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen-presenting cells that are important for the induction of the primary immune response, including induction of T cell responses, migration, or antigen capture. Dendritic cells are found in different tissues and immature forms are also found in the blood. They differentiate and become active in different tissues to take up and process the antigen. In general, activated dendritic cells move to the lymph tissue to interact with T or B cells.

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
CD21 66701-1-Ig Mouse Mono WB, ELISA
CD21 28206-1-AP Rabbit Poly IHC, ELISA
CD21 24374-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, IHC
CD23 18642-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, WB, IHC, FC
CD23 CL594-60208 Mouse Mono IF, ELISA
CD23 CL488-60208 Mouse Mono IF, ELISA
CD23 60208-2-Ig Mouse Mono IF, IHC, WB, ELISA
CD23 60208-1-Ig Mouse Mono IF, IHC, WB, ELISA
Clusterin 12289-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, WB, IP, IHC
Clusterin 66109-1-Ig Mouse Mono IHC, WB, ELISA

Mast Cells

Mast cells are a type of leukocyte. They are best known for their role in mediating allergic diseases and autoimmunity. However, they also play an important role in defending against pathogens. Mast cells are found in most tissues of the body, especially in areas that are in contact with the external environment such as the skin or intestine. In their immature form, mast cells circulate in the blood. Mast cells contain several inflammatory factors, lipid mediators, and many more factors. Upon stimulation, they degranulate and release different mediators, which in turn modulates the host’s innate immune system.

 Antibody  Catalog number  Type  Applications
 CD9 PE-65070 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
 CD9 FITC-65070 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
 CD25 PE-65096 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD25 APC-65096 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD33 17425-1-AP Rabbit Poly  ELISA, WB, IHC, IF, FC
 CD44 PE-65063 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
 CD44 FITC-65063 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
 CD44 APC-65063 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
 Integrin alpha-4 19676-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, IHC, WB
 Integrin beta-1 12594-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, IHC, WB
 Transferrin receptor/ CD71 10084-2-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, IF, IHC, IP, WB

CD44

CD44 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through its affinity for hyaluronic acid (HA) and possibly also through its affinity for other ligands.

Adhesion with HA plays an important role in cell migration and tumor growth. CD44 is also involved in lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, and in hematopoiesis.

 Antibody  Catalog number  Type  Applications
CD44 15675-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, FC, IF, IHC, IP, WB
CD44 60224-1-Ig Mouse Mono ELISA, FC, IF, IHC, WB

Megakaryocytes

Megakaryocytes are rare myeloid cells found primarily in the bone marrow. Megakaryocytes produce thrombocytes, which are essential for normal blood clotting. The formation of platelets requires several intrinsic series of remodeling events of the megakaryocytes that result in the release of thousands of platelets from one single megakaryocyte.

 Antibody  Catalog number  Type  Applications
CD36 66395-1-Ig Mouse Mono IHC, WB, ELISA
CD41/Integrin alpha 2b 60350-1-Ig Mouse Mono WB, ELISA
CD41/Integrin alpha 2b 24552-1-AP Rabbit Poly IHC, IP, WB, ELISA
CD41/Integrin alpha 2b 18308-1-AP Rabbit Poly IHC, ELISA
CD42b 12860-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, IHC, IP, WB
GP9 67271-1-Ig Mouse Mono IHC, WB, ELISA
GP9 14564-1-AP Rabbit Poly IHC, WB, ELISA
Integrin beta-3 18309-1-AP Rabbit Poly ELISA, IHC, WB
Integrin beta-3 66952-1-Ig Mouse Mono WB, ELISA
P-selectin 60322-1-Ig Mouse Mono IHC, IP, WB, ELISA
P-selectin 13304-1-AP Rabbit Poly IHC, WB, ELISA

NK Cells

Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that are essential in the innate immune system. They are important especially for the destruction of cells infected by a virus or of tumor cells. NK cells kill infected cells by releasing small cytoplasmic granules that trigger cell death (apoptosis).

Antibody Catalog number Type Application
CD11c PE-65086 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11c FITC-65086 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11c APC-65086 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD16 PE-65090 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD56 PE-65067 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD56 FITC-65067 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA

Maturation Of Natural Killer Cells

The pre-NK cell gets activated in response to, e.g., IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, or IL-18. The NK cell then produces and secretes several cytokines, chemokines, and cell death-inducing proteins.

 Antibody  Catalog number  Type  Application
 CD11c/Integrin Alpha X  17342-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, WB, IHC, FC
 CD11c/Integrin Alpha X  60258-1-Ig  Mouse Mono  ELISA, IHC, WB
 GZMB  13588-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, IF, IHC, WB

Erythrocyte

Erythrocytes (also known as red blood cells) are the most common cell type in the blood system. They are essential for the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to body tissue. Mature erythrocytes do not have a nucleus and lack most organelles. They are of flexible shape, thus flowing easily through the blood circulation.

Antibody Catalog number Type Applications
HBE1-Specific FITC-66151 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
HBE1-Specific 66151-1-Ig Mouse Mono FC, IHC, WB, ELISA
Glycophorin A 15874-1-AP Rabbit Poly FC, IHC, WB, ELISA
Hemoglobin epsilon 12361-1-AP Rabbit Poly FC, IHC, WB, ELISA

Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) form a very heterogeneous cell population. MDSCs are of great interest as they expand during cancer, inflammation, or infection. In addition, they have not only the ability to secrete immunosuppressive cytokines that regulate T cell function, but they also have the capacity to suppress the cytotoxic effects of natural killer cells.

 Antibody  Catalog number  Type  Applications
CD11b  PE-65116 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11b  APC-65116 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD11B/ Integrin alpha M  20991-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, FC, IHC, WB
CD14  FITC-65056 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD14  APC-65116 Mouse Mono FC, ELISA
CD33  17425-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, FC, IF, IP, WB
VEGFR-1/FLT-1  13687-1-AP  Rabbit Poly  ELISA, IP, WB